Continuously Integrate

David Bartlett

THE Build AS A “Big BAng” EvEnT in project development is dead. The architect, whether an application or enterprise architect, should promote and encourage the use of continuous integration methods and tools for every project.

The term continuous integration (CI) was first coined by Martin Fowler in a design pattern. CI refers to a set practices and tools that ensure automatic builds and testing of an application at frequent intervals, usually on an inte- gration server specifically configured for these tasks. The convergence of unit testing practices and tools in conjunction with automated build tools makes CI a must for any software project today.

Continuous integration targets a universal characteristic of the software devel- opment process: the integration point between source code and running appli- cation. At this integration point the many pieces of the development effort come together and are tested. You have probably heard the phrase “build early and often,” which was a risk-reduction technique to ensure there were no surprises at this point in development. “Build early and often” has now been replaced by CI, which includes the build but also adds features that improve communication and coordination within the development team.



The most prominent part of a CI implementation is the build, which is usually automated. You have the ability to do a manual build, but builds can also be kicked off nightly or can be triggered by source code changes. Once the build is started, the latest version of the source code is pulled from the repository, and the CI tools attempts to build the project and then test it. Lastly, notifica- tion is sent out, detailing the results of the build process. These notifications can be sent in various forms including email or instant messages.

Continuous integration will provide a more stable and directed development effort. As an architect you will love it, but more important, your organization and your development teams will be more effective and efficient.

Dave Bartlett is an enthusiastic software professional with more than 25 years’ experience as a programmer, developer, architect, manager, consultant, and instructor. He currently works for clients through Commotion Technologies, Inc., a private consulting firm, and lectures at Penn State University’s Graduate Engi- neering School in Great Valley, Pennsylvania. His main work efforts today are with the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, helping to design and build web, portal, and composite applications for use within the Federal Reserve System and the United States Treasury.